1989

2,4-Dicyanostyrene(DCS)wassuccessfullypreparedin18%yieldviaaseriesofsixreactions and 2,4,6-tricyanostyrene (TCS) was barely in 0.15% yield via five reaction steps. It was found that DCS and TCS are polymerizable with radical and anionic initiators.

It was established by IR spectroscopy and chemical analysis that bis(trimethylsilyl) sulfate reacts chemically with isolated silanol groups of silica even at room temperature, and is quantitatively chemisorbed at 373 K. Sulfidation of the silica does not occur. Chemisorption of [(CH3)3Si]2SO4 on the surface of silicon(IV) oxide is not complicated by side processes.

A primer comprising an organometallic compound and an organic polymer, which is useful in bonding non-polar or highly crystalline resin substrates together or bonding said resin substrates and another material, such as a solid material, a coating material, paint or printing ink by using a 2-cyanoacrylate.

This paper presents a number of qualitative and semi-quantitative observations on the effect of small concentrations of water on the polymerizations of butyl cyanoacrylates by tertiary amines in THF. It reports also that, in the absence of other bases, large concentrations (approx. 1 mol/l) of water can cause the polymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate, in THF, even in presence of normally inhibiting amounts (10−5 mol/l) of p-toluenesulfonic acid. A formal kinetic scheme of a stationary-state polymerization, initiated by hydroxyl anions, is presented and discussed.

A cyanoacrylate composition suitable as cyanoacrylate adhesives for bonding porous materials, shaping material and fingerprint detectors comprises a 2-cyanoacrylate as a main component and at least one of crown ethers, polyalkylene oxides and derivatives of the polyalkylene oxides as a curing accelerator and at least one of hydrophobic silicas

Various developments in the synthesis of alkyl 2-cyanoacrylates, their analytical and test methods, adhesive compositions for different applications including those in the medical field, handling and storage, and health and safety hazards are reviewed.

A beverage package and a method of packaging a beverage having gas (preferably at least one of carbon dioxide and inert (nitrogen gases) in solution has a non-resealable container 1 within which is located a hollow pod 4 having a restricted aperture 7 in a side wall. The container is charged with the beverage 8 and sealed. Beverage from the main chamber of the container enters the pod 4 (shown at 8a) by way of the aperture 7 to provide headspaces 1a in the container and 4a in the pod 4. Gas within the headspaces 1a and 4a is at greater than atmospheric pressure.

The bonding strength between bone and α-2-cyanoacrylate polymers, with or without the addition of powdered hydroxyapatite, was determined. The tensile strength of a bone-cyanoacrylatebond was measured for each polymer: 4.31± 0.88 M Pa(methyl-), 5.74 ± 0.62 MPa (ethyl-), and 8.33 ± 0.41 MPa (isobutyl-). The tensile strength of the isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylatebond increased to 12.03 ± 0.72 MPa with the addition of 10% (w/v) hydroxyapatite before decreasing to 7.89 ± 0.58 Mpa on addition of 15% (w/v)hydroxyapatite.