English

Cyanoacrylate adhesives are widely used for gluing glass, steel, brass, aluminium rubber, "Textolite" (registered Trade Mark), PVC, and other materials, in the aerospace industry, the manufacture of precision instruments, radio-electronics, the manufacture of electronic and optical instrutnents such as photographic cameras and transistor radios, in other branches of technology, and as an adhesive in medicine for soft and osseous tissues.

The effect of allyl derivatives of muconic, malonic, and isocyanuric acids, as well as some other unsaturated compounds on the properties of adhesives based on ethyl- and allyl-α-cyanoacrylates, is studied.

The results of studies of the effect of synthesized modifiers based on cyanosorbic acid on the ther- mal properties of cyanoacrylate adhesives have been presented.

Cyanoacrylate esters with fluorescent side groups were synthesized and tested as agents for latent fingerprint development. Reactive monomers with benzyl, anthracyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, propagyl, and cyanomethyl side groups were synthesized using the formation of an ethyl cyanoacrylate, anthracene adduct, followed by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the acid and esterification with a desired alcohol, and finally release of the monomer by retro-Diels−Alder with maleic anhydride. Monomers were prepared in high yield and purity as determined by spectral analysis.

Superhydrophobic surfaces hold great promise in a variety of appli- cations where the extreme water repellency can lead to novel properties and functionalities. Most of the existing techniques, however, require multi-step and laborious procedures as well as are only applicable to certain substrates. We present a facile one-step (“paint-like”) method for creating superhydrophobic porous polymer coatings. The approach is based on the anionic polymerization of octyl cyanoacrylate in the presence of aqueous ethanol. This leads to the formation of a highly porous superhydrophobic polymer film.

A method of preparing an α-cyanoacrylate ester of a desired alcohol includes the steps of preparing a compound which is an α-selenoaryl-α-cyanopropionate ester of the desired alcohol, oxidizing said α-selenoaryl-α-cyanopropionate ester to the corresponding selenoxide, eliminating arylselenic acid from the selenoxide to produce said α-cyanoacrylate ester, and separating said α-cyanoacrylate ester from the selenic acid. At temperatures of about 0 occurs concurrently with the oxidizing step using a peroxide or ozone oxidizing agent.

When saturated with boron trifluoride, certain polyhydric alcohols form adducts which catalyze reactions for which boron trifluoride is catalytic. The adduct is recovered from the reaction mixture and recycled, greatly reducing boron and fluoride values in the product and in any effluent. Examples include propylation of toluene in the presence of a recycled adduct of boron trifluoride with mannitol or sorbitol.

A simple and more environmentally friendly procedure than that traditionally used was developed for preparation of esters consisting in acrylic acid addition to bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and its 5-alkyl derivatives. The acrylates obtained were subjected to hydrogenetion followed by hydrolysis of propionic acid esters. A number of new compounds was obtained; some among them possess a pleasant odor.

A new material for the microencapsulation of biological systems was discovered and characterized with regards to the effects of reaction conditions on product yield. By using poly(cyanoacrylate ester), membrane microcapsules were produced with sufficient strength and porosity to be effective in a process environment for the immobilization and protection of encapsulated material. After synthesizing numerous monomeric cyanoacrylate esters, the n-butyl derivative was discovered to give the best results with regards to microcapsule formation.